Soil Erosion and conservation |Class 10 Resources and development N.C.E.R.T.

Soil Erosion

The denudation of the soil cover and washing down is described as soil erosion.

Causes of Soil Erosion :-

1.Human Causes;
2.Natural Causes;

1.Human Causes:-

a. Overgrazing:-

=>Over-grazing is said to be happened when the cattle while grazing uproot the roots of the Grasses.
So, when the Over-Grazing happens on the Large area By the large numbers of the cattle the root which hold the soil tightly uprooted and the soil become prone to be eroded.

Q.Is this Land prone to soil erosion Or not ? (Comment your Answer)

b.Mining:-

=>If a area is being dug then how this area is protected by a blow of wind?(Think and Comment your Answer)

C. Deforestation:-

=> Same things happen as in overgrazing but in large scale and in more worst as well as in dreadful manner.

D. Ploughing in a wrong way i.e. up and down the slope form channels for the quick flow of water leading to soil erosion.

Observe this image carefully now think that if this ploughed slope will be irrigated then all the water will flow from upside down along with soil and soil is eroded.

2.Natural Causes.

A.Wind:-

Wind erosion can be caused by a light wind that rolls soil particles along the surface through to a strong wind that lifts a large volume of soil particles into the air to create dust storms.

B.Water:-

when water flow with a fast pace then the soil goes along with water and get deposited when the stream slow down.

C.Glacier:-

Like flowing water, flowing ice erodes the land and deposits the material elsewhere.

Now, where there is problem we intelligent one have the solution.

lets see the solution.

1.Afforestation.
2.Shelter Belts.
3.Terrace Cultivation.
4.Strip cultivation.
5.Contour farming.

1.AFFORESTATION

For all the environmental crisis planting tree is the best remedy.In this soil erosion crisis the roots of trees play an important role in protecting the soil being eroded.The roots tightly bind the soil together in turn when wind blow it do not erode the soil.

2.Shelter Belts

See this image, is the soil inside this field can be eroded?

No.Why?

Because if the high speed wind blow their velocity will be decreased by these trees and the wind will not Erode this soil even when this field is ploughed.

3.Terrace Cultivation

observe this image, Is it look like stairs and some has made cut to form step on this slopes?

Yes, this is the way of cultivation in mountainous region.this helps to slow down the velocity of water stream.Hence Terrace cultivation is the cultivation in which the hill or mountain area is cut down in steps to prevent soil being eroded by water.

4.Strip cultivation

↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧↧ Wind Direction

A______________________B

C______________________D

E______________________F

G______________________H

Suppose this is a field and On AB,CD,EF and GH, we have grown grasses. And between AB and CD; CD and EF and EF and GH we have sown some crops' seeds.Now when Wind blow it first Resisted by the grass in strip AB before it reaches the seeds in between AB and CD.And hence Soil erosion did not take place.

Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the

crops.

5.Contour Ploughing

Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes.

This is called contour ploughing.

Are you confused of difference between contour ploughing and terrace cultivation?

if yes,click me..